Is it time to talk about Voluntary Industry Standards Schemes?

Voluntary industry standards schemes have become increasingly influential in the mining sector over the past three decades. Originally developed in response to growing public scrutiny, these schemes aim to demonstrate corporate commitments to environmental protection, social responsibility, and respect for human rights. Today, they play a major role in how mining companies manage risk, engage with communities, and align their operations with international expectations.

The landscape of standards has expanded rapidly, with initiatives such as the International Council on Mining and Metals (ICMM) principles, the Towards Sustainable Mining program, and the Initiative for Responsible Mining Assurance (IRMA) setting the tone for industry practice. These schemes are evolving alongside global frameworks, including the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, which emphasise Indigenous rights and Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC).

Yet the effectiveness of voluntary standards remains contested. Critics point to weaknesses in enforcement, transparency, and accountability, and note that membership alone does not guarantee protection for communities or cultural heritage — as highlighted by the destruction of Juukan Gorge. Despite these concerns, standards can help close regulatory gaps, particularly where domestic law offers limited safeguards. They may also create opportunities for Traditional Owners to influence mining practices across multiple jurisdictions.

With major schemes currently undergoing revision, and their influence continuing to grow, understanding these standards — and their limitations — has never been more important.

To read more on this important topic, please download our free Insight prepared our Principal Policy & Communications Consultant, Alix Hill, and our Research & Training Manager, Dr Ash Finn.